Gestational diabetes is diabetes type that occurs in women without previously diagnosed with this disease but having high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes affects 3%-10% of all pregnant women. It usually occurs at the 28th weeks or more of pregnancy. Most often, gestational diabetes goes away after the baby is born.
Gestational diabetes generally only has few symptoms and it is most commonly diagnosed by screening during pregnancy. Diagnostic tests detect inappropriately high levels of glucose in blood samples. No specific cause has been identified, but it is believed that the hormones produced during pregnancy increase a woman's resistance to insulin, resulting in impaired glucose tolerance.
Babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of problems typically such as your baby may have a low blood sugar level, jaundice, or your baby may weigh much more than normal. Gestational diabetes can also affect your health. For instance, if your baby is very large, you may have a more difficult delivery or you may need a cesarean section. Gestational diabetes also increases your risk of developing preeclampsia, which is a condition that can be serious if left untreated. Gestational diabetes is a treatable condition and women who have adequate control of glucose levels can effectively decrease these risks.
However, things you should concern is a women with gestational diabetes has a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (or, very rarely, latent autoimmune diabetes or Type 1) after pregnancy, while their offspring are prone to developing childhood obesity, with type 2 diabetes later in life. Most patients are treated only with diet modification and moderate exercise but some take anti-diabetic drugs, including insulin.
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